Risk factors of colon and rectal cancer
Knowing the risk factors may help you avoid them.
Studies have shown that having certain risk factors can make people more likely
to develop colon or rectal cancer. Some of these factors can be controlled,
while others cannot.
It’s important to understand the risks and to change those that are within your
control.
Colon and rectal cancer risk factors you can control:
Diet: People who eat mostly foods that are high in fat, especially from animal
sources, are at higher risk of colon or rectal cancer. It is recommended
that individuals consume plenty of fruits and vegetables, and limit intake of high-fat
foods.
Physical activity: People who do not exercise enough or are very overweight
are more likely to develop colon or rectal cancer.
Smoking and alcohol use: Smokers or people with a history of heavy alcohol
use may be at an increased risk of developing colon or rectal cancer.
Colon and rectal cancer risk factors you cannot control:
Age: More than 90% of people diagnosed with colon or rectal cancer are older
than age 50.
Family history: People with a close relative (parent, brother, sister, child)
who have had colorectal cancer are at higher risk of developing colorectal cancer.
This is especially true if those family members got the cancer at a younger age.
If many close relatives have a history of colorectal cancer, the risk is even greater.
Personal history: People who have already had colorectal cancer are at risk
of developing it again.
Polyps: Most colorectal polyps are benign, but some can become cancer.
Having large or many colorectal polyps puts people at an even greater risk of colorectal
cancer.
Learn about genetics
and colorectal cancer.